CREST Practitioner Security Analyst (CPSA) Practice

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What is the main function of the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)?

To authenticate users on a network
To exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems
To facilitate file transfers across the Internet
To encrypt secure communications

The correct answer is: To exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems

The primary function of the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems on the internet. BGP is designed as a standardized exterior gateway protocol, which means it helps manage how packets are routed across different autonomous systems, ensuring that data can travel efficiently and reliably from its source to its destination. BGP achieves this by sharing information about the paths data can take and the best routes available, taking into account factors such as network policies and the state of the links between different networks. This is particularly crucial for large networks, including those of internet service providers, where multiple paths can lead data to the same destination. Understanding BGP's role in the structure of the internet is essential for grasping how data flows in complex global networks. It ensures that independent networks can communicate with each other, fostering the interconnected nature of the internet today.