CREST Practitioner Security Analyst (CPSA) Practice

What is the purpose of the host.equiv file in a Unix-like system?

1. To configure user permissions for network access

2. To store host keys for SSH authentication

3. To manage firewall rules for connected devices

4. To log system events for security auditing

The correct answer is: To configure user permissions for network access

The host.equiv file in a Unix-like system is primarily used to allow user access to remote systems without the need for a password, effectively authorizing users from specified host machines based on the entries in this file. When the system checks this file, it validates whether a user attempting to connect from a listed host should be granted access, thus facilitating seamless communication and file sharing between trusted hosts. This method enhances user convenience, particularly in environments where frequent connections between certain hosts are necessary. It is important to note, however, that while it simplifies access management, it can also introduce security risks if not properly managed, as any misconfiguration could allow unauthorized access. The other options focus on different aspects of system security and administration. Configuring user permissions for network access relates to more granular access control mechanisms that may not utilize the host.equiv file. Storing host keys for SSH authentication pertains to a different security protocol that relies on public-private key pairs rather than host-based access control. Managing firewall rules is a critical function for controlling network traffic but operates separately from the purpose of the host.equiv file. Similarly, logging system events for security auditing involves tracking system operations and is typically handled through different logging mechanisms rather than through the host.equiv file.