CREST Practitioner Security Analyst (CPSA) Practice

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What type of alteration does a log injection vulnerability cause?

  1. Modification of log entry time stamps

  2. Unauthorized data entry into log files

  3. Loss of historic log data

  4. Failure to generate logs

The correct answer is: Unauthorized data entry into log files

A log injection vulnerability specifically allows an attacker to introduce unauthorized entries into log files. This type of manipulation can lead to misleading information being logged, the ability to cover up malicious activities, or the creation of false records that can complicate forensic investigations and incident responses. When exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can craft messages that might mislead the log readers, potentially masking their own actions or creating confusion about the state of the system. This unauthorized data entry can be particularly damaging, as it undermines the integrity and reliability of logs, which are critical for auditing and security monitoring purposes. The other options refer to different types of issues that can occur in logging systems but do not accurately represent log injection. For instance, modification of log entry time stamps or loss of historic log data might occur due to misconfigurations or other security issues, but they are not inherently tied to the concept of log injection. Similarly, a failure to generate logs is a separate operational issue rather than a result of log injection specifically. The essence of log injection lies in the unauthorized control an attacker has over what is recorded in the logs, which makes the correct answer clearly the unauthorized data entry into log files.